Nitric acid concentrations near the tropical tropopause: Implications for the properties of tropical nitric acid trihydrate clouds
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Metastable Nitric Acid Trihydrate in Ice Clouds.
The composition of high-altitude ice clouds is still a matter of intense discussion. The constituents in question are ice and nitric acid hydrates, but the exact phase composition of clouds and its formation mechanisms are still unknown. In this work, conclusive evidence for a long-predicted phase, alpha-nitric acid trihydrate (alpha-NAT), is presented. This phase was characterized by a combina...
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Satellite-based observations during the Arctic winter of 2009/2010 provide firm evidence that, in contrast to the current understanding, the nucleation of nitric acid trihydrate (NAT) in the polar stratosphere does not only occur on preexisting ice particles. In order to explain the NAT clouds observed over the Arctic in mid-December 2009, a heterogeneous nucleation mechanism is required, occur...
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Formation of large ('100μm) ice crystals near the tropical tropopause E. J. Jensen, L. Pfister, T. V. Bui, P. Lawson, B. Baker, Q. Mo, D. Baumgardner, E. M. Weinstock, J. B. Smith, E. J. Moyer, T. F. Hanisco, D. S. Sayres, J. M. St. Clair, M. J. Alexander, O. B. Toon, and J. A. Smith NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA SPEC Inc., Boulder, CO, USA Centro de Ciencias de la Atmosfera...
متن کاملNitric Acid Trihydrate (NAT) formation at low NAT supersaturation in Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCs)
A PSC was detected on 6 February 2003 in the Arctic stratosphere by in-situ measurements onboard the high-altitude research aircraft Geophysica. Low number densities (∼10−4 cm−3) of small nitric acid (HNO3) containing particles (d<6μm) were observed at altitudes between 18 and 20 km. Provided the temperatures remain below the NAT equilibrium temperature TNAT, these NAT particles have the potent...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Geophysical Research Letters
سال: 2002
ISSN: 0094-8276
DOI: 10.1029/2002gl015190